{"id":11479,"date":"2022-05-04T02:41:58","date_gmt":"2022-05-04T02:41:58","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/heritagecruises.com\/?p=11479"},"modified":"2022-05-04T02:50:39","modified_gmt":"2022-05-04T02:50:39","slug":"mot-vuon-karst-doc-nhat-vo-nhi-tren-the-gioi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/heritagecruises.com\/vi\/mot-vuon-karst-doc-nhat-vo-nhi-tren-the-gioi\/","title":{"rendered":"M\u1ed9t v\u01b0\u1eddn karst \u0111\u1ed9c nh\u1ea5t v\u00f4 nh\u1ecb tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi"},"content":{"rendered":"

Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0110\u1ecba ch\u1ea5t – \u0110\u1ecba m\u1ea1o – Th\u1ea9m m\u1ef9 V\u1ecbnh H\u1ea1 Long, B\u00e1i T\u1eed Long v\u00e0 V\u1ecbnh Lan H\u1ea1, Qu\u1ea7n \u0110\u1ea3o C\u00e1t B\u00e0<\/h3>\n

V\u00f9ng l\u00f5m v\u1ecbnh B\u1eafc B\u1ed9 (v\u1ecbnh H\u1ea1 Long, B\u00e1i T\u1eed Long v\u00e0 Lan H\u1ea1), \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00e1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1ec1 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecba m\u1ea1o v\u00e0 c\u1ea3nh quan, trong b\u00e0i n\u00e0y t\u00f4i g\u1ecdi chung l\u00e0 v\u00f9ng H\u1ea1 Long bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 v\u1ecbnh Lan H\u1ea1, Qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o C\u00e1t B\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ec7 tr\u00ecnh Unesco xem x\u00e9t c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn v\u00f9ng di s\u1ea3n thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n

Theo c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00f9ng H\u1ea1 Long c\u00f3 chi\u1ec1u s\u00e2u l\u1ecbch s\u1eed \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ebfn kho\u1ea3ng 3 t\u1ef7 n\u0103m v\u00e0 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 d\u1eabn ch\u1ee9ng r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng \u00edt nh\u1ea5t g\u1ea7n 500 tri\u1ec7u n\u0103m.<\/p>\n

Nh\u1eefng d\u1ea5u \u1ea5n c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ti\u1ebfn ho\u00e1 \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng ki\u1ebfn t\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a v\u1ecf tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ee9t g\u00e3y, u\u1ed1n n\u1ebfp, \u0111\u1ecba h\u00e0o, \u0111\u1ecba lu\u1ef9, b\u1ed3n tr\u0169ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 t\u1ea7ng \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i s\u00e2u s\u1eafc ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd khu v\u1ef1c.<\/p>\n

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V\u00f9ng H\u1ea1 Long \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ea3i qua nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n t\u1ea1o s\u01a1n, ch\u00ecm s\u1ee5t – bi\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfn – bi\u1ec3n tho\u00e1i, do \u0111\u00f3 n\u00f3 mang nhi\u1ec1u gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb qu\u00fd gi\u00e1 cho khoa h\u1ecdc \u0110\u1ecba ch\u1ea5t k\u1ef7 Nh\u00e2n sinh v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ea5t bi\u1ec3n.<\/p>\n

T\u00ednh \u0111a d\u1ea1ng v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a v\u00f9ng H\u1ea1 Long g\u1ed3m \u0111a d\u1ea1ng v\u1ec1 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t; ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac, c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ti\u1ebfn ho\u00e1 \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ea5t; \u0111a d\u1ea1ng v\u1ec1 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u1ea7m t\u00edch c\u1ed5 v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o n\u00ean s\u1ef1 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh, \u0111\u1ecba m\u1ea1o v\u00e0 c\u1ea3nh quan t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean.<\/p>\n

Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ea5t – \u0111\u1ecba m\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a v\u1ecbnh H\u1ea1 Long \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1edfi \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u1ea3nh quan \u0111\u00e1 v\u00f4i (karst) tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1edbi n\u00f3ng \u1ea9m b\u1ecb bi\u1ec3n x\u00e2m l\u1ea5n v\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn c\u1ea3i nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n v\u1eabn \u0111ang ng\u1eadp ch\u00ecm m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n trong n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n

S\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 nh\u01b0 t\u1ea7ng \u0111\u00e1 v\u00f4i d\u00e0y (kho\u1ea3ng 1000m), kh\u00ed h\u1eadu n\u00f3ng \u1ea9m v\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn t\u1ea1o n\u00e2ng ch\u1eadm ch\u1ea1p v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 c\u00e1c pha \u0111o\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t chu tr\u00ecnh bi\u1ec3n hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o n\u00ean m\u1eabu h\u00ecnh tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi v\u1ec1 \u0111\u00e1 v\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh c\u00f3 quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn, \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t k\u1ef3 quan \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 v\u0129.<\/p>\n

C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i v\u00f9ng v\u1ecbnh H\u1ea1 Long l\u00e0 n\u01a1i quy t\u1ee5 g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 c\u00e1c d\u1ea1ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e1 v\u00f4i nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng; ph\u1ec5u v\u00e0 thung l\u0169ng; ch\u00f3p v\u00e0 th\u00e1p v\u00f4i.<\/p>\n

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Bi\u1ec3n c\u0169ng nh\u1ea5n ch\u00ecm c\u00e1c ph\u1ec5u, h\u1ed1 s\u1ee5t v\u00e0 thung l\u0169ng karst, t\u1ea1o n\u00ean nh\u1eefng h\u1ed3 n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eb7n, hay c\u00e1c t\u00f9ng, \u00e1ng. Hang \u0111\u1ed9ng r\u1ea5t phong ph\u00fa v\u00e0 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft c\u00f3 tr\u00ean 60 chi\u1ebfc v\u00e0 thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 3 nh\u00f3m hang ch\u00ednh: hang ng\u1ea7m c\u1ed5 (hang treo), hang n\u1ec1n karst, hang h\u00e0m \u1ebfch bi\u1ec3n nh\u01b0 hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i m\u00e0 du kh\u00e1ch nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y.<\/p>\n

V\u1eady Karst l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Karst l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng phong ho\u00e1 \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng n\u00fai \u0111\u00e1 v\u00f4i b\u1ecb n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ea3y \u0103n m\u00f2n.
\nS\u1ef1 x\u00f3i m\u00f2n kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i do c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf l\u1ef1c c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc, m\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 do kh\u00ed dioxit carbon (CO2) trong kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed ho\u00e0 tan v\u00e0o n\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ion d\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a Hydro (H+) t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh axit carbonic.<\/p>\n

S\u1ef1 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh karst l\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u01b0a c\u00f3 axit carbonic ho\u00e0 tan t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00ean n\u1ec1n \u0111\u00e1 v\u00f4i v\u00e0 ho\u00e0 tan m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t ch\u1ee9a trong c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e1 n\u00e0y theo th\u1eddi gian<\/p>\n

Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb l\u1ecbch s\u1eed ki\u1ebfn t\u1ea1o<\/strong><\/p>\n

L\u1ecbch s\u1eed \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecba m\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a v\u00f9ng v\u1ecbnh H\u1ea1 Long \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u1ea3i qua \u00edt nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ean 500 tri\u1ec7u n\u0103m v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd r\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c nhau, nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n t\u1ea1o s\u01a1n, bi\u1ec3n tho\u00e1i; s\u1ee5t ch\u00ecm, bi\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfn.<\/p>\n

Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecba m\u1ea1o<\/strong><\/p>\n

V\u00f9ng H\u1ea1 Long c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a karst \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 tr\u1ea3i qua 20 tri\u1ec7u n\u0103m, ch\u1ee9a \u0111\u1ef1ng nhi\u1ec1u d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh karst ki\u1ec3u Fengcong (Phong T\u00f9ng), Fengling (Phong Linh) v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed3ng karst.
\n\u0110\u1ecba h\u00ecnh Karst ki\u1ec3u Fengcong: G\u1ed3m m\u1ed9t c\u1ee5m \u0111\u00e1 v\u00f4i th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 h\u00ecnh ch\u00f3p n\u1eb1m k\u1ec1 nhau c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec9nh cao tr\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi 100m, cao 200m.<\/p>\n

\u0110\u1ecba h\u00ecnh Karst ki\u1ec3u Fengling: \u0110\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng b\u1edfi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec9nh t\u00e1ch r\u1eddi nhau t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c th\u00e1p c\u00f3 v\u00e1ch d\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ee9ng. Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c th\u00e1p c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 cao t\u1eeb 50 – 100m. T\u1ec9 l\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c chi\u1ec1u cao v\u00e0 r\u1ed9ng kho\u1ea3ng 6m.<\/p>\n

C\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed3ng Karst l\u00e0 l\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3o r\u1ed9ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n trong c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng Karst c\u00f3 b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i b\u1eb1ng ph\u1eb3ng. C\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed3ng Karst v\u00f9ng H\u1ea1 Long th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean ng\u1eadp n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i du thuy\u1ec1n ch\u00fang ta l\u01b0\u1edbt tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng karst m\u00eanh m\u00f4ng ng\u1eadp n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n

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\u0110\u1ecba h\u00ecnh Karst ng\u1ea7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia l\u00e0m 3 nh\u00f3m ch\u00ednh: Nh\u00f3m 1 l\u00e0 di t\u00edch c\u00e1c hang ng\u1ea7m c\u1ed5, ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u l\u00e0 hang S\u1eedng S\u1ed1t, \u0111\u1ed9ng Tam Cung, \u0111\u1ed9ng L\u00e2u \u0110\u00e0i, \u0111\u1ed9ng Thi\u00ean Cung, hang \u0110\u1ea7u G\u1ed7, Thi\u00ean Long, Trung Trang, Kim C\u01b0\u01a1ng, Qu\u00e2n Y. Nh\u00f3m 2 l\u00e0 c\u00e1c hang n\u1ec1n Karst ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u l\u00e0 Trinh N\u1eef, B\u1ed3 N\u00e2u, Ti\u00ean \u00d4ng, Hang Tr\u1ed1ng… Nh\u00f3m 3 l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u00e1c h\u00e0m \u1ebfch bi\u1ec3n, ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u nh\u01b0 3 hang th\u00f4ng nhau \u1edf c\u1ee5m h\u1ed3 Ba H\u1ea7m, hang Lu\u1ed3n, Ba Hang, hang T\u1ed1i \u2013 S\u00e1ng (V\u01b0\u1eddn qu\u1ed1c gia C\u00e1t B\u00e0).<\/p>\n

Karst v\u00f9ng H\u1ea1 Long \u0111\u1ed9c nh\u1ea5t v\u00f4 nh\u1ecb, c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 c\u00f3 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng cho khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ecba m\u1ea1o. M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ea5t c\u00f2n l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng ph\u00e1t sinh c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng sinh h\u1ecdc, v\u0103n h\u00f3a kh\u1ea3o c\u1ed5 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb nh\u00e2n v\u0103n kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb th\u1ea9m m\u1ef9<\/strong><\/p>\n

To\u00e0n b\u1ed9 khu v\u1ef1c v\u00f9ng v\u1ecbnh H\u1ea1 Long l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u1ea3nh quan Karst qua nhi\u1ec1u tri\u1ec7u n\u0103m, v\u1edbi c\u00e1c th\u00e1p Karst h\u00ecnh ch\u00f3p, h\u00ecnh th\u00e1p, b\u1ecb b\u00e0o m\u00f2n, t\u1ea1o n\u00ean c\u1ea3nh \u0111\u1eb9p n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt, \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt tr\u00ean to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi.<\/p>\n

Th\u1ea1ch nh\u0169 trong hang \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 tu\u1ed5i tr\u1ebb h\u01a1n c\u00e1c hang \u0111\u1ed9ng. N\u01b0\u1edbc m\u01b0a theo c\u00e1c khe n\u1ee9t tr\u00ean tr\u1ea7n hang \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 v\u00e1ch ch\u1ea3y xu\u1ed1ng, tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i ch\u00fang ho\u00e0 tan, b\u00e0o m\u00f2n \u0111\u00e1 v\u00f4i v\u00e0 l\u1eafng \u0111\u1ecdng th\u00e0nh nh\u0169 \u0111\u00e1 \u1edf tr\u1ea7n hang, m\u0103ng \u0111\u00e1 \u1edf n\u1ec1n hang. Qua nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m nh\u0169 \u0111\u00e3 g\u1eb7p m\u0103ng \u0111\u00e1 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng c\u1ed9t \u0111\u00e1.<\/p>\n

H\u00e0ng ng\u00e0n h\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea3o \u0111\u00e1, h\u00e0ng ch\u1ee5c hang \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1eb9p \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o n\u00ean gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb th\u1ea9m m\u1ef9 ngo\u1ea1i h\u1ea1ng, khi b\u1ed1n m\u00f9a \u0111i qua l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng v\u1ebb \u0111\u1eb9p huy\u1ec1n b\u00ed kh\u00e1c nhau, m\u1ed9t tuy\u1ec7t t\u00e1c k\u1ef3 quan m\u00e0 m\u1eb9 thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 v\u1ebd n\u00ean t\u1eeb 3 m\u1ea7u t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean: \u0111\u00e1, n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 b\u1ea7u tr\u1eddi.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0110\u1ecba ch\u1ea5t – \u0110\u1ecba m\u1ea1o – Th\u1ea9m m\u1ef9 V\u1ecbnh H\u1ea1 Long, B\u00e1i T\u1eed Long v\u00e0 V\u1ecbnh Lan H\u1ea1, Qu\u1ea7n \u0110\u1ea3o C\u00e1t B\u00e0 V\u00f9ng l\u00f5m v\u1ecbnh B\u1eafc B\u1ed9 (v\u1ecbnh H\u1ea1 Long, B\u00e1i T\u1eed Long v\u00e0 Lan H\u1ea1), \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00e1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1ec1 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecba m\u1ea1o v\u00e0 c\u1ea3nh quan, trong b\u00e0i n\u00e0y<\/p>\n\u0110\u1ecdc th\u00eam<\/a>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":11492,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[120],"tags":[197,233,219],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/heritagecruises.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11479"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/heritagecruises.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/heritagecruises.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/heritagecruises.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/heritagecruises.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=11479"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/heritagecruises.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11479\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11528,"href":"https:\/\/heritagecruises.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11479\/revisions\/11528"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/heritagecruises.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/11492"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/heritagecruises.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=11479"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/heritagecruises.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=11479"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/heritagecruises.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=11479"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}